Plenty of them, here is a non-exaustive list.

C, C++, Modula-2, Pascal, AMOS, Clipper, FoxPro, Turbo Basic, Quick Basic, Turbo Prolog, PC-Lisp, Native Oberon,...

Most then existing HLLs were very usable in 640Kb. If you go down to 8-bits, while translators for many of these did exist the utility was rapidly diminishing. You'd essentially have system's native version of BASIC + assembler for anything practical. The rest were more of parlor tricks.

In that context Forth was quite practical. That was its heyday.

INTERLISP was available for the Atari 800 (which max'd out at 48KiB RAM).