It would be interesting to know the details of the vulnerability. Given that they've patched it, it would be good to see what the error was in case others are affected.
I'd like to point out that this is not a rails vulnerability, but a mistake Github engineers made, which happens to the best of us. Mass assignment is a feature and I guarantee the problem has been know for years and Github engineers were probably well aware of it.
It most certainly is a vulnerability in rails, by encouraging bad practice by design. Mass assignment should work by defaulting attributes to protected, if it should exist at all.
Was this Rails-related and what was it?